USD to EUR Converter
Convert US dollars to euros (USD to EUR) at the daily reference rate
Euros = US dollars × the USD to EUR rate. The converter above multiplies your amount by the European Central Bank reference rate for the latest working day. Banks and card issuers add a margin, so the euros you actually receive are usually a little lower.
Currency converter
Daily rateReference rates from the European Central Bank via Frankfurter, updated each working day. Banks and card providers add a margin, so treat this as a guide, not a quote.
How to convert US dollars to euros
A currency conversion is one multiplication. The USD to EUR rate says how many euros one US dollar buys, so you multiply a dollar amount by it. That single step runs every pair in Panglify's currency converters, from US dollars to British pounds to US dollars to Indian rupees. The only subtlety is where that rate comes from. The European Central Bank publishes its reference rates with the euro as the base, as in 1 EUR = x USD. A dollar-to-euro rate is therefore the reciprocal of the ECB figure: 1 ÷ (USD per euro). The converter fetches that rate already inverted from the Frankfurter API, multiplies it by your amount and rounds the result to the nearest cent.
- Type the amount in US dollars. Commas are ignored, so 1,250 works.
- Leave From on USD and To on EUR, or pick any of the 13 listed currencies.
- Read the converted amount. The line under it shows the rate used, to up to six decimal places, and the date of the ECB reference rate.
- To convert euros back to dollars, swap the From and To menus, or divide the euro amount by the same rate.
A useful habit is to work out the effective rate of any real quote: divide the euros you are offered by the dollars you pay. Comparing that figure with the reference rate shows the hidden cost: markup % = (reference rate − effective rate) ÷ reference rate × 100. Run that check on any quote before you accept it, whether it comes from an airport desk, a bank or a transfer app.
Is the ECB euro rate the same as the mid-market rate?
Not quite: the ECB reference rate is one daily snapshot, taken around 14:10 Central European Time, close to the mid-market rate at that moment, while the live mid-market rate moves all day.
The mid-market rate is the midpoint between the prices at which dealers buy and sell euros. Search engines and financial terminals update it continuously, so by the time the ECB figure appears at about 16:00 in Frankfurt, which is 10:00 a.m. in New York for most of the year, the market may already have moved. At the moment of the snapshot the two agree closely; hours later they can differ.
The ECB says its rates are published for information purposes only, not for transactions. They still serve as a common benchmark: EU rules on dynamic currency conversion measure a card terminal's markup against them, and the EU VAT Directive lets businesses use the latest ECB rate to convert invoice amounts.
- Weekdays after about 16:00 CET: the converter shows that day's ECB rate.
- Earlier in the day, at weekends and on TARGET holidays: it shows the last working day's rate, with its date.
- The live mid-market rate: changes from second to second while currency markets trade, from Sunday evening to Friday evening New York time.
To see what 16:00 in Frankfurt means on your own clock, the UTC to EST converter helps: Frankfurt is UTC+1 in winter and UTC+2 in summer.
How do I convert dollars to euros in Excel or Google Sheets?
Put the rate in one cell and multiply: with dollars in A2 and the USD to EUR rate in B1, =A2*$B$1 gives euros, and =A2/$B$1 turns euros back into dollars.
Copying the ECB rate from the converter into B1 keeps a whole sheet on one documented rate, which is what an expense report or an invoice usually needs. The dollar signs in $B$1 lock the reference, so the formula can be filled down a column without shifting.
Live rates in a spreadsheet
- Google Sheets:
=A2*GOOGLEFINANCE("CURRENCY:USDEUR")multiplies by a market rate from Google Finance. Google warns that its data may be delayed, and it is not the ECB rate. - Excel for Microsoft 365: type USD/EUR in B1, turn it into a linked currency pair with Data › Currencies, then use
=A2*B1.Price. The rate updates when you refresh the data. - Rounding: wrap the result as
=ROUND(A2*$B$1,2)so totals match the cent amounts on a bank statement.
Whichever source you use, record the date of the rate next to it. A conversion without a rate date cannot be checked later, because euro reference rates change every working day.
US dollar vs euro: what is the difference?
Both currencies divide into 100 cents, but they are issued, governed and written differently. The exchange rate between them moves every working day; the attributes below do not.
| Attribute | US dollar | Euro |
|---|---|---|
| ISO 4217 code | USD (numeric 840) | EUR (numeric 978) |
| Symbol | $, written before the amount: $12.50 | €, before or after the amount depending on the country: €12,50 or 12,50 € |
| Issued by | Federal Reserve (banknotes) and the US Mint (coins) | European Central Bank and the euro area's national central banks, together the Eurosystem |
| Subunit | 100 cents | 100 cents |
| In use since | Coinage Act of 1792 | January 1, 1999; notes and coins from January 1, 2002 |
| Where it is used | United States and its territories, plus Ecuador, El Salvador and Panama | 21 EU countries, plus Andorra, Monaco, San Marino and Vatican City by agreement |
5 key differences
- The Federal Reserve issues every US banknote, whereas euro notes are issued jointly by the ECB and the national central banks of the Eurosystem.
- The US dollar dates from the Coinage Act of 1792; euro cash has circulated only since January 1, 2002.
- The ECB quotes its reference rates with the euro as the base (one euro in US dollars), so a dollar-to-euro rate is always the inverse of the published figure.
- US prices use a decimal point, as in $1,234.50, while many euro countries use a decimal comma, as in 1.234,50 €.
- The smallest euro banknote is €5 because €1 and €2 are coins, while the United States still prints a $1 bill.
How does the ECB set the euro reference rate?
The ECB sets its euro reference rates once a day, around 14:10 Central European Time, through a regular exchange of information between central banks, and publishes them at about 16:00 CET. They are close to the mid-market rate at that moment, the midpoint between the prices at which dealers buy and sell. The ECB states that the rates are for information only, and markets keep trading after they are set, so the price a bank quotes later in the day can already be different.
Where the difference comes from
- Spread: a bank or bureau sells you euros at a rate below the reference rate and keeps the difference. It rarely appears as a separate fee.
- Foreign transaction fee: many US credit and debit cards add a percentage to every purchase made in euros. Some travel cards charge none.
- ATM fees: your own bank may charge for an out-of-network withdrawal, and the machine operator may add a charge of its own.
- Dynamic currency conversion (DCC): a terminal in Paris or Rome offers to bill you in dollars at a rate it sets itself. Inside the EU, Regulation (EU) 2019/518 requires DCC providers to show their markup as a percentage over the latest ECB euro reference rate, so read the screen before you accept.
What a markup costs on $1,000
These percentages are examples to show the arithmetic, not typical charges. A markup of m% on the rate means you receive m% fewer euros, which is the same as losing m% of the dollars you convert.
| Markup over the reference rate | Euros received, as a share of the reference amount | Cost on $1,000 |
|---|---|---|
| 0% | 100% | $0.00 |
| 0.5% | 99.5% | $5.00 |
| 1% | 99% | $10.00 |
| 2% | 98% | $20.00 |
| 3% | 97% | $30.00 |
| 5% | 95% | $50.00 |
| 7% | 93% | $70.00 |
What is the euro?
The euro (ISO 4217 code EUR, numeric code 978, symbol €) is the currency of the euro area. It is issued by the European Central Bank in Frankfurt together with the national central banks of the member countries, which together form the Eurosystem. The euro launched as an accounting currency on January 1, 1999, and euro banknotes and coins entered circulation on January 1, 2002.
Twenty-one EU countries use it, including Germany, France, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, Ireland and Greece; Bulgaria became the newest member on January 1, 2026. Andorra, Monaco, San Marino and Vatican City use the euro under agreements with the EU, while Kosovo and Montenegro use it without a formal agreement. Several EU members keep their own money, among them Denmark, Sweden, Poland, Czechia, Hungary and Romania, so check the local currency before a trip to those countries.
Cents, coins and notes
One euro is 100 cents. Coins come in 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 cents, €1 and €2, and banknotes in €5, €10, €20, €50, €100 and €200. The €500 note is no longer issued, but existing ones remain legal tender. Price formats vary by country: many euro countries write a comma for decimals and a period or space for thousands, so €1.234,50 and 1 234,50 € both mean one thousand two hundred thirty-four euros and fifty cents.
What is the cheapest way to get euros?
Paying in euros with a US card that charges no foreign transaction fee is usually the cheapest option, and airport desks and dynamic currency conversion are usually the dearest. The reference rate on this page is the benchmark to measure each option against.
| Method | Rate that applies | Extra costs to check | Tip |
|---|---|---|---|
| US credit card in euros | Card network rate on the processing day | Issuer's foreign transaction fee | A card with no foreign transaction fee is usually the cheapest way to pay |
| US debit card at a euro ATM | Card network rate | Your bank's out-of-network fee plus any operator fee | Withdraw larger amounts less often and decline conversion to dollars |
| Cash from a US bank before travel | Bank's own sell rate | Spread, sometimes a delivery fee | Order only what you need for the first day |
| Airport or hotel exchange desk | Desk's own rate | Often the widest spread | Compare the euros offered with the reference amount first |
| Money transfer service | Provider's rate | Fixed fee plus any margin | Compare the euros that will arrive, not the fee alone |
| Paying in dollars abroad (DCC) | Merchant's or ATM's own rate | DCC markup | Choose to pay in euros |
Planning a trip to the euro area
Money is only one of the numbers that changes when you land in Europe. Road signs and car rentals use kilometers, so the km to miles converter helps with distances and speed limits. Weather forecasts are in Celsius, which the Celsius to Fahrenheit converter translates, and shoe shops use EU sizes, covered by the US to EU shoe size converter. Most of the euro area is on Central European Time, six hours ahead of New York for most of the year.
- Tell your card issuer about the trip if it asks you to, so foreign transactions are not blocked.
- Carry some cash: small cafés, markets and rural businesses may prefer it, even though cards are widely accepted.
- Check your receipt. If the total appears in dollars when you asked for euros, the merchant applied DCC.
- Remember that ECB reference rates are not published on weekends or on TARGET holidays, so the converter shows the most recent working day's rate.
Sources and further reading
The standards and references behind the numbers on this page. Links open in a new tab.
Standards and official sources
- Euro foreign exchange reference ratesEuropean Central Bank
- Frankfurter exchange rate APIFrankfurter
- ISO 4217: Currency codesISO
- H.10 Foreign exchange ratesFederal Reserve Board
Further reading
- CurrencyWikipedia
USD to EUR FAQs
Short, exact answers to what people ask most.
How do I convert US dollars to euros?
Multiply the dollar amount by the USD to EUR rate, which is the number of euros one dollar buys. The converter on this page does this with the latest ECB reference rate and rounds the result to the nearest cent.
Why is my bank's dollar to euro rate different from this one?
This page shows a reference rate close to the mid-market rate. Banks, card issuers and exchange desks sell euros at a less favorable rate and may add fees, so you usually receive fewer euros than the reference amount.
When is the USD to EUR rate updated?
The European Central Bank publishes its reference rates at about 16:00 Central European Time on each working day. On weekends and TARGET holidays no new rate is set, so the converter shows the last published rate and its date.
Should I pay in dollars or euros with a US card in Europe?
Paying in euros is usually cheaper. If you choose dollars, the merchant or ATM uses dynamic currency conversion at its own rate, which normally includes a markup on top of any fee your card charges.
Which countries use the euro?
Twenty-one EU countries use the euro, including Germany, France, Italy, Spain and, since January 1, 2026, Bulgaria. Andorra, Monaco, San Marino, Vatican City, Kosovo and Montenegro also use it, while Denmark, Sweden and Poland keep their own currencies.
How do I convert euros back to dollars?
Divide the euro amount by the USD to EUR rate, or swap the From and To menus in the converter. Selling euros back to a bank involves another spread, so you may get back fewer dollars than you started with.
What time is the ECB euro rate published in New York time?
At about 10:00 a.m. Eastern time on most working days, because the ECB publishes around 16:00 Central European Time. In 2026, from March 8 to March 28 and from October 25 to October 31, when US and European clocks change on different dates, it is about 11:00 a.m. Eastern.
Is a euro worth more than a dollar?
For most of its history since 1999 the euro has been worth more than the US dollar, but not always: it was worth less from early 2000 to 2002 and again for part of 2022. Check the converter for today's reference rate.
Do euro coins from one country work in the others?
Yes. Every euro coin has a common side and a national side, and all of them are legal tender throughout the euro area, whichever country minted them. Euro banknotes have the same design everywhere.
Related conversions
Exchange rates are the European Central Bank's euro foreign exchange reference rates, delivered by the Frankfurter API; currency codes follow ISO 4217, DCC disclosure rules come from Regulation (EU) 2019/518, VAT conversion rules from Council Directive 2006/112/EC, and US currency facts from the Federal Reserve and the US Mint. Last updated . How we verify our numbers.